Information that 80-90% of people are infected with worms, many people come up with the idea that you should drink anhelmintic medicines for preventive purposes.
The human body parasitizes different types of worms, special tests have been developed for their identification.Each diagnostic procedure has a certain percentage of reliability and differs in the characteristics of behavior.
Blood tests for parasites
The vital activity of parasites in the body causes discomfort of unclear etiology.This can be skin rashes, flatulence, acids, nausea, weakness, anemia, joint pain.Special parasite tests must be performed to clarify the diagnosis.
How to check for parasites in the human body
Classification of parasites in their appearance:
Representatives of some professions (for the staff of public enterprises, childhood institutions) requires analysis of worm eggs in the design of sanitary books.Children undergo the same analysis when admitting in kindergartens and nursery or in a sports section.
- A classic study of worms living in the gastrointestinal tract is an analysis of stool and scraping the mucosa from the rectum.
- But there are several options for more effective blood tests for parasites, as provided by the method.
Causes to provide parasite analysis
When infected with individual parasites, one may not feel any symptoms.But over time, the number of helminths increases and the infection begins to manifest.Parasite tests need to be performed if there are such symptoms:
- abdominal pain from different localization that can occur spontaneously or on palpation;
- itching in the anus that occurs at night;
- joint and muscle pain;
- Reduced appetite and nausea;
- increased appetite with abundant salivation;
- intestinal dysbiosis;
- constipation or diarrhea;
- change in stool color;
- increased fatigue;
- dizziness;
- pallor of the skin;
- insomnia or sleep disorders;
- irritability;
- dermatitis;
- Urine incontinence;
- In women, abundant disposal from the vagina, menstrual disorders.
The nature of the symptoms depends on the type of parasites.Itching and burning in the anal region cause peak worms.Askarides provokes severe allergic reactions as well as abdominal pain.Lambia, echinococci and biconumure affect the liver.They are often the cause of the obstacle of the biliary tract and cholestasis (stagnation of the bile), inflammation of the gallbladder.Light stools with drops of fat are one of the main signs of liver and pancreatic pathology.The symptom of a parasitic effect on the liver and gallbladder is pain in the right hypochondrium.
If several of the symptoms listed occur, it is necessary to go to the hospital to identify parasites in the body on time.Regular preventive tests for parasites for children, people who live or work with animals need to be performed.If raw, sharp, lightly salted meat, lard or fish are regularly consumed for food, the risk of infection is very high.In this case, it is also necessary to check regularly to identify parasites.
What parasite tests exist
There are various reasons that cause the need for helminth analysis.
This parameter distinguishes 3 types of tests:
- Preventive - necessary for the timely detection of helminthiasis even in the absence of characteristic symptoms.They are performed on the personal initiative of a person or on a medical examination.It is recommended to do such an analysis every year, especially for children.
- Barrier - are prescribed to minimize the risk of spreading helminthiasis among the population.This is a mandatory analysis that children go through before entering a kindergarten or school, workers in the food industry, service areas, medical staff to receive a medical book.The barrier analysis is provided once a year.
- As prescribed by a doctor, this type of helminth analysis is prescribed by a doctor in the presence of symptoms characteristic of helminths: nausea, stomach disorders, itching in the anus, weight loss, abdominal pain, increased fatigue, dizziness.With one negative result, the analysis must be done again to ensure that its reliability.
Depending on the situation and the symptoms, one or more types of tests are prescribed.Let's take a closer look at everyone's characteristics.
With a sharp weight loss, you should consider the need for parasite analyzes
Kale analysis for eggs from worms
Analysis of stools for parasites, in another way, is called a Coprogram method that provides examination of fecal masses under a microscope to identify the eggs of parasites, their larvae or fragments of sexually mature worms.This analysis makes it possible to identify many varieties of worms, but is especially effective for worms that parasitize in the intestine.Suitable for diagnosing enterobiosis, ascariasis, ankylostomosis, trichocephalosis and other types of infection.
To do an analysis, you must take a special sterile jar.It is issued at a clinic, laboratories or purchased at a pharmacy.
Then everything is simple:
- You need to fill in 1/3 with feces with stools.This should be done before 11.00.Make sure that impurities from a third side, such as blood, drops from other secretions do not fall into the jar, as this will negatively show the reliability of the result.
- The filled capacity cover must be tightly closed.It was signed and then packed in a disposable package.
- It is best if the material can be transferred for analysis 30-45 minutes after the collection.It is permissible to store it in the refrigerator, but not more than 8 hours.After this period, the material becomes inappropriate for analysis.
You can find out the results on the day after the analysis.But in some laboratories it is made up to 6 days.
The effectiveness of this method is 30-35%as the helminths do not lay eggs every night.
Scratching (Grease)
Scratching is the most common analysis for enterobiosis that allows you to identify the presence of pincors that parasitize in the intestine and put a large number of eggs in the area around the anus, as well as in the perineum area every night.
Because children often suffer from enterobiosis, a child who attends kindergarten, school, should do regular scraping twice a year.Adults also need to analyze when the first signs of parasites appear: itching in the anus, poor sleep, impaired appetite, weight loss, irritability.
Analysis Procedure:
- The scraping is taken by a special spatula available at the pharmacy, or with plain cotton wool, earlier in saline or hot water.They remove the spread from the area around the anus as well as the perineum.Another way is to attach a sticky tape (tape) to the area around the anus.Gently removed, it should be glued to the surface of clean and dry glass.
- The procedure should be performed in the morning, immediately after waking up.Before that, you can't go to the toilet and wash.You can pick up a clinic or at home.
- A stick or spatula, on the surface of which there is biomass for research, is packed in a sterile dry jar, a package.The package must be sealed.
- It is necessary to deliver the material to the laboratory for research on the day of the spreading, it is better immediately.If necessary, for a maximum of 5 hours, it can be stored in the refrigerator.
You can understand the results the next day.
If the results of the first analysis are negative, but the symptoms characteristic of enterobiosis are preserved, the procedure should be re -admitted the next day or any other day.The maximum efficiency guarantees 3-4 negative results of analyzes performed in a row.
Blood test
A blood test indicates the presence of parasites, because as a result of their lives, they affect the internal organs, the mucous membranes release a large number of toxins.This causes changes in the composition of the blood.When helminths appear, the immune system begins to produce antibodies (immunoglobulin).They can be identified as a result of the study.
The main thing is that a competent decoding of the results is performed, which can only be done by an experienced specialist.
A blood test for parasites determines all their varieties - ascaride, lamblia, flat worms, two waters, trichinella, trematodes.Most of them parasitize in the internal organs: in the liver, lungs, ducts, not in the intestine, therefore, using other tests, it will not work to identify these types of parasites.
Analysis Delivery Procedure:
- Venous blood is required to do the analysis.It is enough to take 3-5 ml of elbow vein material.The procedure is performed on an empty stomach, preferably in the morning.
- Specialists study the chosen blood in the laboratory for specific antibodies that allow you to determine the stage of helminthiasis.
- Deciphering the results of the analysis.
Before donating blood, the patient must pass the preparation stage.It begins a week before the diagnosis and involves a complete refusal to use antibiotics and other medicines, the composition of which can adversely affect the accuracy of the result.The day before the analysis, it is worth excluding fatty products, sweets, sodas and always alcohol from the diet.
The determination of helminth invasion is also performed using a common blood test.This is quite informative, allows you to identify different types of worms, but most effective in Pinworms as well as ascaris.
The following indicators are taken into account when deciphering general analysis:
- Hemoglobin - with worms damage is reduced;
- Leukocytes - When infected with helminths, their concentration increases.
For analysis, the blood is taken from a vein.Before the procedure, it is important not to eat 8 but better than 12 hours.It is permissible to drink only water.5-7 days before manipulation, you need to stop taking antibiotics.
Elisa, Antibody Analysis and Immunoglobulin
This analysis is based on the immune response of the body, the level of its protective reaction to the invasion of parasites.
- Using ELISA results, you can determine the presence of helminths in the body and their type.The accuracy of the study is much higher than the stool analysis.
- The method is based on the calculation of antibodies in the body to one or the other type of parasites, determining their relationship with foreign antigens (immune response) and the enzyme reaction of the body.
- Anti-antigens antibodies show infection.
- Elisa's blood test has accuracy, according to various experts, from 60% to 90% even at low invasion levels.
- The advantage of the method, in addition to a high level of accuracy, is that the immune -functional analysis can be observed from the dynamics of the disease over time.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR analysis)
The PCR method is one of the most modern and accurate for the diagnosis of blood for the presence of parasites in the body.It consists in detecting traces of DNA and RNA belonging to parasitic life forms.
- The essence of the polymerase response is the treatment of blood in such a way as to copy and spread the DNA, the RNA of foreign organisms to a concentration that allows them to determine.
Serological blood test
At the same time, the analysis is used as a source of information on blood serum.
- Immunogenic antibodies of parasites are examined.
- The analysis allows you to identify a large number of parasitic forms, but it does not allow you to determine the invasion stage.
- Like the IFA method, serological analysis is indirect for diagnosis.
- If OPD values are high, it is advisable to further undergo faecal analysis.
How and where to take parasite tests
It is necessary to take parasite tests when the symptoms characteristic of helminthic invasion occur: digestive problems, asthenia, weight loss, dermatological diseases.It is also necessary to undergo the diagnosis of helminths in situations in which a person has been suffering from chronic illness for many years, but treatment does not produce the expected result.In many cases, it turns out that the disease is provoked not by physiological problems, but by a consequence of the parasitisation of worms.
Before you go through the procedure, you should get a direction from a gastroenterologist, infectious disease specialist, proctologist, therapist, surgeon, dermatologist and pediatrician.With this direction one goes to the laboratory.After studying biomaterials, it receives a form of results, indicating whether helminths are found in the body.
If the results of the analysis confirm the presence of worms, it is important to consult a qualified doctor immediately.This can be a specialist in infectious diseases or therapist.When helminthiasis is diagnosed in a child, a pediatrician will help.
Take tests that identify the parasites need at least once a year.In order to be diagnosed, it is important to choose a good laboratory whose specialists guarantee the maximum accuracy of the results.